Exploring two methods for detecting pesticide residues in rice, showcasing sensitivity, accuracy, and implications for global food safety standards.

Two analytical methods for the simple, sensitive, rapid and batch determination of 20 pesticide residues in rice were established. After the sample was extracted with acetonitrile, two different purification methods, C18 solid-phase extraction column (SPE) and QuEChERS, were used to detect 20 pesticides using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The results were determined by retention time, selected ion and Its relative abundance was determined qualitatively and quantified by external standard method. The results show that the linear range of 20 pesticides is 0.01 ~ 0.2 ¦Ìg/mL, and the correlation coefficients are all greater than 0.99. At the spike levels of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.20 mg/kg, the C18 column was used to extract and purify rice samples. The average recovery rate of 20 pesticides was 63.3% to 96.0%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.9% to 13.9%. ; The QuEChERS method was used to extract and purify rice samples. The average recovery rate of 20 pesticides was 67.7%~121.0%, and the RSD was 1.9%~16.4%. There is no obvious difference between the two methods, which provide different ideas for the detection of multiple pesticide residues. They can detect large quantities of rice samples at the same time. The data are accurate and reliable. The recovery rate and precision meet the analysis requirements of pesticide residues.

Analytical Methodology: Extraction and Purification Techniques

In the realm of agricultural product safety, ensuring the absence of harmful pesticide residues is paramount. This study introduces two advanced analytical methodologies designed for the swift, sensitive, and bulk analysis of 20 pesticide residues in rice. The essence of this research lies in its meticulous approach to extraction and purification, employing acetonitrile as the solvent, followed by two distinct purification techniques: the C18 solid-phase extraction column (SPE) and the Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method. The detection of pesticides was achieved through gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode, ensuring high precision and reliability.

Quantitative Analysis and Detection Range

The cornerstone of these methods is their ability to qualitatively and quantitatively assess pesticide residues based on retention time, selected ion monitoring, and relative abundance, utilizing an external standard method for quantification. The study revealed that both methods offer a substantial linear range for pesticide detection (0.01 to 0.2 μg/mL), with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99, demonstrating their sensitivity and applicability to low-level residue detection.

Efficiency and Precision of C18 SPE and QuEChERS Methods

Further examination of these methods through spike recovery experiments at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.20 mg/kg in rice samples underscored their efficiency. The C18 SPE method yielded an average recovery rate of 63.3% to 96.0%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) range of 1.9% to 13.9%, indicating its reliability and precision in extracting and purifying rice samples. Conversely, the QuEChERS method showcased a broader recovery range of 67.7% to 121.0%, with an RSD range of 1.9% to 16.4%, suggesting slight variations in efficiency but equally remarkable performance in terms of precision and reliability.

Comparative Analysis and Implications for Food Safety

The comparability of these methods illustrates their potential as versatile tools for pesticide residue analysis in rice. Both techniques are capable of processing large volumes of samples concurrently, a critical factor for high-throughput analysis in agricultural safety testing. Moreover, the data generated from these methods are not only accurate but also adhere to the stringent analytical requirements for pesticide residue analysis.

Conclusion: Advancements in Food Safety and Future Directions

This study not only highlights the development of two robust analytical procedures but also opens avenues for further research and application in the field of food safety. By providing alternative methods for pesticide residue detection, researchers and safety analysts are equipped with more tools to ensure the safety and quality of rice, a staple food consumed globally. The implications of such advancements extend beyond academic interest, offering tangible benefits to the agricultural industry, regulatory bodies, and ultimately, consumers who seek assurance that their food is free from harmful pesticide residues.

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Original research was done by Liu Jiacheng, Sun Yuyu, Shang Baoyu, Qu Shichao, Ji Mingshan, Dong Zhenlin, Chen Xi

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