Keywords

Bitter Melon Powdery Mildew Chlorophyll Soluble Sugar Soluble Protein Asa Antioxidase Bitter Melon Powdery Mildew Chlorophyll Soluble Sugar Soluble Protein Ascorbic Acid Antioxidase

Abstract

In order to explore the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of bitter melon resistance to powdery mildew, four bitter melon lines with different resistance to powdery mildew were used as materials to study the changes in physiological and biochemical indicators of bitter melon leaves after infection with powdery mildew bacteria at the seedling stage. The results showed that: after inoculation, the chlorophyll and soluble protein mass fractions showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing; the soluble sugar mass fractions showed a decreasing-increasing-decreasing-increasing trend; the soluble sugar, chlorophyll mass fractions and peroxides of the disease-resistant strains The enzyme (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were higher or significantly higher than those of the susceptible and highly susceptible strains; the increase and decrease in the ascorbic acid (AsA) mass fraction of the resistant strain were smaller than those of the susceptible and highly susceptible strains. Highly susceptible lines; 10 to 20 days after inoculation, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity showed the order of resistant lines > susceptible lines > highly susceptible lines. The mass fractions of chlorophyll, soluble sugar, POD and PPO activities were significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with the disease index. In summary, after the powdery mildew fungus infects bitter melon, the disease-resistant lines can improve disease resistance by maintaining a higher chlorophyll mass fraction, increasing the mass fraction of soluble sugar, soluble protein, and AsA, and enhancing the activities of POD, PPO, and APX. Chlorophyll, soluble sugar mass fraction and POD and PPO activities can be used as indicators for the early identification of bitter melon resistance to powdery mildew. In order to analyze the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of bitter melon powdery mildew,four bitter melon strains with different resistance to powdery mildew were chosen as materials,the changes of some physiological and biochemical indexes in leaves were studied after seedlings of bitter melon were infected by powdery mildew.The results showed that the chlorophyll and soluble protein mass fraction presented a rise at first and followed by a decline,soluble sugar mass fraction showed a tendency of decline-rise-decline-rise; the mass fraction of soluble sugar,chlorophyll, the activity of POD and PPO of resistant strains were always higher or significantly higher than that of the susceptible strains’ ; the change ranges of resistant strains’ AsA mass fraction were all less than that of the susceptible and highly susceptible strains’ ; the activity of APX presented the status of resistant strains£¾susceptible strains£¾highly susceptible strains in most of the time after inoculation.The mass fraction of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and the activities of POD and PPO had significant or highly significant negative correlation with the disease index.The The above results showed that after the bitter melon was infected by powdery mildew, the resistant strains could improve the disease resistance by keeping higher chlorophyll mass fraction, and increase soluble sugar, soluble protein and AsA mass fraction, and improve the activity of POD and PPO. The mass fraction of chlorophyll, soluble sugar, activities of POD and PPO could be used as auxiliary identification indexes of powdery mildew-resistance of bitter melon.

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Original research done by Tian Libo, Shang Sang, Yang Yan, Si Longting

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