Keywords

Wheat, Grain, Functional Leaves, Protein Content, Enzyme Activity

Abstract

Using wheat with large differences in protein content as materials, the dynamic changes and relationships between protein content and glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities during grain development under different nutritional levels were studied. As well as the dynamic changes in functional leaf-related enzyme activities during the wheat growth period and their relationship with grain protein content. The results show that the dynamic changes in protein content under both nutritional levels show a “high-low-high” trend. There are differences in the protein accumulation process of different varieties of grains. PH82-2-2 has always been at the highest level, while PH82-2-2 has always been at the highest level. PH97-4 has always been at the lowest level. The protein content of PH97-5 exceeded Jinan 17 in the late stage of grain development, was lower than PH82-2-2, and was higher than PH97-4. Grain GS activity generally shows a downward trend during grain development. Varieties with higher grain protein content have higher grain GS activity, and vice versa. PH82-2-2 grains have higher enzyme activity, and PH97-4 has higher enzyme activity. The activity was low, and the correlation between grain GS activity and protein accumulation was significant at 21 days after flowering under two nutritional levels. Regarding grain GDH activity, PH82-2-2 and PH97-5 showed basically the same trend, while Jinan 17 and PH97-4 showed basically the same trend, but their correlation with grain protein accumulation was not significant. The NR activity of functional leaves is the highest during the flowering stage. Under high nutritional levels, the NR activity at the rising and flowering stages is significantly related to the grain protein content. The GS activity of leaves at high nutritional levels is high, and the performance is basically consistent among varieties. The performance of GDH activity among varieties is not completely consistent. There was no significant correlation between leaf GS and GDH active grain protein contents.

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Original research done by Yang Yanbing, Gao Rongqi, Yin Yanping, Guan Yanan, Zhang Huawen

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